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LED series resistor calculator

Nobody wires just one LED. Each string is its own series chain of LEDs behind its own resistor — stringing more LEDs raises the headroom the resistor has to eat; adding more strings in parallel just repeats the same string, each with its own resistor, never a shared one.

R=Vs−VfI

The resistor drops whatever the LED does not, and turns that headroom into heat: PR=(Vs−Vf)×I

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