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Convertidor buck

Interruptor, bobina y diodo convirtiendo 12 V en 5 V: mira el rizado y el límite del modo CCM.

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As long as the inductor current never reaches zero the output is simply D × Vin: the switch chops Vin, L and C average it. Drop the load (or L, or fsw) until the orange current touches zero and the converter falls into DCM — the ripple is then bigger than the load itself and Vout climbs above D × Vin. ΔVout is the charge the inductor pushes into the cap above the load line, which in CCM is exactly ΔIL / (8·fsw·Cout) with Cout fixed at 100 µF.