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Crystal load capacitors

Ejemplo C1 = C2 = 16 pF

A crystal's datasheet states its load capacitance Cₗ. The two caps sit in series as seen by the crystal, and the board adds stray capacitance Cₛ (~3–5 pF of traces and MCU pins) — so each cap is $C_{1} = C_{2} = 2 (C_{L} - C_{s})$ .

Ejemplo Nearest E24: 16 pF → CL = 12 pF (0.0%)

Too much capacitance pulls the frequency low and can stop a weak oscillator; too little runs it fast.

Lo que introduces

Load capacitance CL
Stray capacitance Cs
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